CentOS7.3编译安装python3.6
一、前言
最近迷上了python,所以准备开始上手python。由于python2维护较少,python3必然是趋势了,所以我准备用python3.6学习python。CentOS7.3默认安装的是python2.7,所以我需要从官网上下载python3.6并编译安装python3.6,但是比较尴尬的是,CentOS的yum环境支持python2而不支持python3,所以需要通过一些小小的修改,才能在正常的使用python3.6的同时也能正常的使用yum。这其实没什么难的,python3就按照正常的编译安装即可,yum环境支持只需要在/usr/bin/yum的以及/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down的第一行做一些软链接的修改即可。详细内容请看操作步骤。
二、操作步骤
1.编译环境准备
yum groupinstall 'Development Tools' yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurese-devel
2.下载python3.6源码包
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2rc1.tar.xz
3.解压压缩包
tar -xvf Python-3.6.2rc1.tar.xz
4.编译安装步骤
cd Python-3.6.2rc1/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 make && make install
5.修改软链接以及修改yum支持环境路径
5.1修改软链接以及相关操作 mv /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python2.7.5 #先更改python2.7的名字 rm /usr/bin/python -r #删除原先的软链接 ln -s /usr/bin/python2.7.5 /usr/bin/python2.7 #将python2.7环境软链接至/usr/bin/python2.7 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python #将python3.6环境软链接至/usr/bin/python ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip #将pip3软链接至/usr/bin/pip python -V #查看目前使用的python版本 Python 3.6.2rc1 pip -V #查看pip版本 pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6) python2.7 -V Python 2.7.5 #当然你也可以使用python2.7.5 yum repolist #测试yum环境,yum环境失效 [root@localhost bin]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile File "/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down", line 28 #报错位置 except OSError, e: ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax File "/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down", line 28 except OSError, e: ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax Exiting on user cancel 5.2恢复yum环境相关操作 vi /usr/bin/yum 第一行修改为 #!/usr/bin/python2.7 vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down 第一行修改为 #!/usr/bin/python2.7 5.3测试yum环境 yum repolist #再次测试yum环境,yum环境正常 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile repo id repo name status cd cd 9,363 centos centos repository 9,363 epel extra packages for enterprise linux 11,349 repolist: 30,075